Jose Manuel Jurado Diaz has a script for us:
We often encounter support cases where our customers leave the query execution timeout value at its default. In certain situations, we may find that when this value is reached, the application reports an error and does not continue. In this case, I would like to share an example implemented in PowerShell that allows incrementing the command timeout value up to 5 attempts, with a 5-second margin in each operation.
My recommendation here would be to use Polly instead, as it built in support for exponential backoff and more complex retry logic. Adam Driscoll has a Powershell wrapper called pspolly, which may also prove helpful.