Kenneth Nielsen takes a look at Always Encrypted:
The way Microsoft have implemented this always encrypted feature, is to let all the data in the tables be encrypted. The application that needs to look at data will have to use the new Enhanced ADO.net library, which will give your application the methods to de/encrypt data.
This way, the only way to insert data into a table, which contains encrypted columns, is to use parameterized insert statements from your application. It is not even possible to insert data from SQL Server Management Studio, if we try, the statement will fail.
This way we ensure that only the persons using the application will be looking at un-encrypted data, thus reducing the number of people with a direct access to sensitive data.
If you go down this route, it looks like the only method available for modifying data is going through ADO.NET, although that could change later. My biggest concern here is how much of a performance hit—if any—systems will take.