Matt Changchien fires up the packet capture tool:
The main difference between TLS1.2 and TLS1.3 is that TLS 1.3 reduces the number of round trips from two to one during the handshake phase, making it faster and more secure than TLS 1.2. The server hello packet containing server certificate is encrypted and one Round Trip Time (1-RTT) resumption is discontinued, and replaced with 0-RTT resumption based on client key share. Added security of TLS 1.3 comes from discontinuing certain cyphers and algorithms. (TLS 1.3 support – SQL Server | Microsoft Learn)
Click through to see what the differences look like between TLS 1.2 and TLS 1.3, as well as the specific example of Azure SQL Database.