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Pairs Plots in Base R

Steven Sanderson shows how we can create a pairs plot using the pairs() function in R:

A pairs plot, also known as a scatterplot matrix, is a grid of scatterplots that displays pairwise relationships between multiple variables in a dataset. Each cell in the grid represents the relationship between two variables, and the diagonal cells display histograms or kernel density plots of individual variables. Pairs plots are incredibly versatile, helping us to identify patterns, correlations, and potential outliers in our data.

Click through for one example, how to interpret it, and how to customize the outputs.