Mohammad Darab shows how you can install SQL Server on a Windows Container:
Today, Microsoft released Windows Containers, currently in the Early Adoption Program here. You can use the same Docker Desktop for Windows but now you can use Windows Containers to deploy SQL Server (as you will see below).
This is primarily for dev/test environments. This is in no way production ready. Think about a developer asking for a SQL instance so that they can run their code against, etc. You can now easily, and quickly, spin up a container running SQL Server. Once they are done, you can remove it or stop it.
The downside is that your Docker Desktop for Windows is now stuck running Windows containers…