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Day: April 24, 2019

Processing Fixed-Width Files with Spark

Published 2019-04-24 by Kevin Feasel

Subhasish Guha shows how you can read a fixed-with file with Apache Spark:

A fixed width file is a very common flat file format when working with SAP, Mainframe, and Web Logs. Converting the data into a dataframe using metadata is always a challenge for Spark Developers. This particular article talks about all kinds of typical scenarios that a developer might face while working with a fixed witdth file. This solution is generic to any fixed width file and very easy to implement. This also takes care of the Tail Safe Stack as the RDD gets into the foldLeft operator.

It’s a little more complicated than with R, where stringr can handle fixed-width formats. But it’s not bad.

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Sentiment Analysis with Spark on Qubole

Published 2019-04-24 by Kevin Feasel

Jonathan Day, et al, have a tutorial on using Qubole to build a sentiment analysis model:

This post covers the use of Qubole, Zeppelin, PySpark, and H2O PySparkling to develop a sentiment analysis model capable of providing real-time alerts on customer product reviews. In particular, this model allows users to monitor any natural language text (such as social media posts or Amazon reviews) and receive alerts when customers post extremely nice (high sentiment) or extremely negative (low sentiment) comments about their products.

In addition to introducing the frameworks used, we will also discuss the concepts of embedding spaces, sentiment analysis, deep neural networks, grid search, stop words, data visualization, and data preparation.

Click through for the demo.

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Running Spark MLlib to Feed Power BI

Published 2019-04-24 by Kevin Feasel

Brad Llewellyn shows how you can take Spark MLlib results and feed them into Power BI:

MLlib is one of the primary extensions of Spark, along with Spark SQL, Spark Streaming and GraphX.  It is a machine learning framework built from the ground up to be massively scalable and operate within Spark.  This makes it an excellent choice for machine learning applications that need to crunch extremely large amounts of data.  You can read more about Spark MLlib here.

In order to leverage Spark MLlib, we obviously need a way to execute Spark code.  In our minds, there’s no better tool for this than Azure Databricks.  In the previous post, we covered the creation of an Azure Databricks environment.  We’re going to reuse that environment for this post as well.  We’ll also use the same dataset that we’ve been using, which contains information about individual customers.  This dataset was originally designed to predict Income based on a number of factors.  However, we left the income out of this dataset a few posts back for reasons that were important then.  So, we’re actually going to use this dataset to predict “Hours Per Week” instead.

Check it out. And Brad’s not joking when he says the resulting model is terrible. But that’s okay, because it was never about the model.

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Power Query Container Size and Performance

Published 2019-04-24 by Kevin Feasel

Chris Web looks into what changing the Power BI Dataflow container size does for us:

Currently there is no way to change this 256MB in Power BI Desktop or Excel although someone has already posted a suggestion on the Ideas site to allow us to change it. How much of an impact does this actually have on refresh performance though? Without the ability to change this setting it’s hard to say, but I suspect it could be significant and that a lot of Power Query performance problems could be explained by this behaviour.

The situation is different in the Power BI service, where I understand there is a limit on the overall amount of memory that a single Power Query query evaluation can use.

Read on to understand the differences here between running on Power BI Desktop and running in the Power BI service, as well as a bit of testing on Chris’s part.

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Time Series Analysis with Forensic Accounting

Published 2019-04-24 by Kevin Feasel

I have another part up in my series on forensic accounting techniques:

This post will be a pretty short one. In my talk, I don’t have any demos, mostly because much of cohort analysis has secretly been time series analysis at the same time. Instead, I’ll lob out a few points and call it a day.

Time series analysis, at its core, is all about how your data changes over time. The grain for time series analysis is important: as we saw in the last post, we were able to get an excellent result at the yearly level when regressing number of active buses versus number of line items.

Spoilers: it’s not as short as I thought it would be.

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Building an AKS Cluster with Azure DevOps

Published 2019-04-24 by Kevin Feasel

Rob Sewell shows how to use Azure DevOps to build an AKS cluster with Terraform:

In the last few posts I have moved from building an Azure SQL DB with Terraform using VS Code to automating the build process for the Azure SQL DB using Azure DevOps Build Pipelines to using Task Groups in Azure DevOps to reuse the same Build Process and build an Azure Linux SQL VM and Network Security Group. This evolution is fantastic but Task Groups can only be used in the same Azure DevOps repository. It would be brilliant if I could use Configuration as Code for the Azure Build Pipeline and store that in a separate source control repository which can be used from any Azure DevOps Project.

Luckily, you can

And Rob shows us how it’s done.

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Aggregating Only Visible Values in DAX

Published 2019-04-24 by Kevin Feasel

Alberto Ferrari shows how you can calculate a sum based only on the visible values and ignoring the missing cases:

These measures produce the correct figures month by month. However, at the year level the number of working days might be too big whenever there are incomplete months – this always happens before the end of the year, or when the first month with sales is not January as in the following example. As you can see in the following figure, in this case the yearly value of SalesPerWorkingDays is lower than the value of any month, which does not make much sense.

Click through for the solution.

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The Importance of Aliasing in Subqueries

Published 2019-04-24 by Kevin Feasel

Gail Shaw explains an unexpected result when writing a statement with a subquery:

The column name in the temp table is missing an I, probably just a typo, but it has some rather pronounced effects.

The obvious next question is why the select with the subquery in it didn’t fail, after all, the query asks for ClientID from #TempClients, and there’s no such column. However there is a ClientID column available in that query, and it’s in the Orders table. And that’s a valid column for the subquery, because column binding order, when we have subqueries, is first to tables within the subquery, and then, if no match is found, to tables in the outer query.

I know that the first time I experienced this, I thought it was a bug as well. But no, it’s by design and Gail explains why.

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Permissions Requirements for ML Services

Published 2019-04-24 by Kevin Feasel

Niels Berglund looks at the permissions required to create external libraries with SQL Server Machine Learning Services:

This post is the fourth in a series about installing R packages in SQL Server Machine Learning Services (SQL Server ML Services). To see all posts in the series go to Install R Packages in SQL Server ML Services Series.

Why this series came about is a colleague of mine Dane pinged me and asked if I had any advice as he had issues installing an R package into one of their SQL Server instances. I tried to help him and then thought it would make a good topic for a blog post. Of course, at that time I didn’t think it would be more posts than one, but here we are.

These permissions are a bit more complicated than they might first appear to be.

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