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The Concepts of Data Control Language in SQL

Joe Celko talks about the lesser-known language in SQL (compared to DML and DDL):

But the truth is that the most important sub-language is the one that needs fixing. You wonder why a three-legged stool works? All three legs have to be coordinated together; the same principle holds an SQL schema.

The third sub language in SQL is the DCL (data control language). This is where you get those database privileges I just mentioned. SQL classes don’t spend a lot of time on DCL for several reasons. The first of all is that you’re a mere USER and you’re probably not allowed to pass out privileges. The original ANSI/ISO security model was pretty simple. The universe was divided into USER and USER. An important concept in that you do not create a privilege, but the ADMIN grants it to a user and it is separate from the DDL.

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