Reading data from a highly compressed analytical structure is quite different from the query patterns used on transactional data. By leveraging metadata, data order, segment elimination, and compression, large tables can be quickly read and results returned in seconds (or less!).
Taking this further, read queries against columnstore indexes can be further optimized by simplifying queries and providing the query optimizer with the easiest path to the smallest columnstore scans needed to return results.
This article explores the most efficient ways to read a columnstore index and produce guidelines and best practices for analytics against large columnstore data structures.
Read on for good advice.