Erik Darling talks about DBCC CHECKDB frequency:
The shorter the period of time you keep backups, the more often you need to run DBCC CHECKDB. If you keep data for two weeks, weekly is a good starting point. If you take weekly fulls, you should consider running your DBCC checks before those happen. A corrupt backup doesn’t help you worth a lick. Garbage backup, garbage restore. If your data only goes back two weeks, and your corruption goes back a month, best of luck with your job search.
Erik provides some good guidelines on where to begin, but as always, your answer will depend upon your particular circumstances.